被動語態(tài)
在英語中,但說話者多動作的承受者比多動作的執(zhí)行者更為關(guān)心時,或當人不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰時,或當他認為沒有必要指出是誰時,就會使用被動語態(tài)。
[例題]
1.He was almost hurt when the bus came to a sudden stop.
(當公共汽車突然剎車時,他差點受傷。)
2.The reason for all the changes being made has not been explained to us yet.
(做出這些變化的理由還沒對我們解釋呢。
3.To understand the situation completely requires more thought than has been given thus far.
(要想徹底地了解局勢需要更多的考慮,而不是象目前這樣。)
4.Emphasis is laid on the necessity that all the objectives to be attained be taken into account before starting a new project.
(先對一項新工程要達到的目標進行認真考慮,然后再開始,強調(diào)這一點是很重要的。)
5.The idea that learning is a lifelong process has been expressed by philosophers and educationalists throughout the centuries.
(多少世紀以來哲學家和教育家一直強調(diào)學習是人終生過程的這一看法。)
6.The decision was postponed.
(這個決定被推遲了。)
7.They are looked down upon[看不起] by me.
(我瞧不起他們。)
[解析]當我們不知道動作的邏輯主語是“誰”時,或當我們沒有必要指出動作的邏輯主語時,常常使用被動語態(tài)。在我們強調(diào)動作的承受者時,我們常常用by引導出動作的發(fā)出者。 |